Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 馭

Modern (Beijing) reading: yù

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋraks

Classic Old Chinese: ŋrah

Western Han Chinese: ŋrah

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋrah

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋò

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋò

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋò

Middle Chinese: ŋö̀

English meaning : to drive

Russian meaning[s]: 1) править (лошадьми), см. 御; 2) сдерживать, обуздывать, держать в повиновении

Comments: = 御 q.v.

Radical: 187

Four-angle index: 5933

Karlgren code: 0080 a-b

Character: 黃

Modern (Beijing) reading: huáng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ghʷāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: ghwāŋ

Western Han Chinese: wāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: wāŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: wāŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: wāŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: wāŋ

Middle Chinese: ɣwâŋ

English meaning : be yellow, brown

Russian meaning[s]: 1) желтый; желтеть; желтизна; 2) золотой, золотисто-желтый; перен. императорский, дворцовый; 3) желторотый; молокосос; дитя; 4) изжелта-седой; старик; 5) сокр. р. Хуанхэ; 6) астр. сокр. эклиптика; 7) хим. сокр. сера; 8) миф. сокр. Хуанди; 9) разг. не выйти, не получиться; 10) Хуан (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 地之色也.從田.#聲.#,古文光.凡黃之屬皆從黃.

Comments: For *gh- cf. Min forms: Xiamen, Chaozhou ŋ², Fuzhou uoŋ², Jianou uaŋ² (pointing to CC *ɣwāŋ).

A colloquial loan from the same source is Viet. vàng 'yellow; gold'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 201

Four-angle index: 8143

Karlgren code: 0707 a-b

Vietnamese reading: hoàng

Jianchuan Bai: ŋü7

Dali Bai: ŋü7

Bijiang Bai: ŋo7

Shijing occurrences: 2.1, 3.3_, 27.1, 27.2, 32.4, 58.4

Character: 黍

Modern (Beijing) reading: shǔ

Preclassic Old Chinese: slaʔ (~ ƛ-)

Classic Old Chinese: l̥á

Western Han Chinese: l̥á

Eastern Han Chinese: śá

Early Postclassic Chinese: śó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: śó

Late Postclassic Chinese: śó

Middle Chinese: śö́

Fanqie: 書語

Rhyme class: 語

English meaning : probably: glutinous millet (Panicum miliaceum)

Russian meaning[s]: клейкое просо

Shuowen gloss: 禾屬而黏者也. 以大暑而種. 故為之黍. 從禾. 雨省聲. 孔子曰. 黍可為酒. 禾入水也. 凡黍之屬皆從黍.

Comments: During Late Zhou also used as a loan for a homonymous word meaning 'wine vessel'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 202

Four-angle index: 5539

Karlgren code: 0093 a-d

Character: 黑

Modern (Beijing) reading: hēi

Preclassic Old Chinese: smǝ̄k

Classic Old Chinese: m̥ǝ̄k

Western Han Chinese: m̥ǝ̄k

Eastern Han Chinese: m̥ǝ̄k

Early Postclassic Chinese: hwǝ̄k

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hwǝ̄k

Late Postclassic Chinese: hwǝ̄k

Middle Chinese: xʌk

English meaning : be black

Russian meaning[s]: 1) черный; темный; темнеть; 2) мрачный; темный; ночной; 3) скрытый; тайный, нелегальный; 4) преступный; злобный; 5) Хэй (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 203

Four-angle index: 8528

Karlgren code: 0904 a-b

Vietnamese reading: hắc

Jianchuan Bai: xɨ6

Dali Bai: xɨ6

Bijiang Bai: xɨ6

Shijing occurrences: 41.3

Character: 亂

Modern (Beijing) reading: luàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: rōns

Classic Old Chinese: rwānh

Western Han Chinese: rwānh

Eastern Han Chinese: rwānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: lwā̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lwā̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: lwā̀n

Middle Chinese: lwần

English meaning : to rebell, make trouble, disorder

Russian meaning[s]: 1) беспорядок, хаос; смута; смятение; бунт; 2) беда, несчастье; [luán] 1) смешать(ся), спутать(ся); взбунтоваться; безобразничать; 2) кое-как, в беспорядке; как попало; 3) разврат; развратничать; 4) древн. приводить в порядок, упорядочивать; 5) муз. кода

Comments: Used also for a homonymous *rōn-s 'to cross a river'. Regular Sino-Viet. is loạn. Another colloquial loan from the same source is Viet. lộn 'to confuse, confound, mixed'. For *r- cf. Xiamen luan⁶, Chaozhou lueŋ⁴, Fuzhou luaŋ⁶, Jianou luiŋ⁶.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 5

Four-angle index: 6909

Karlgren code: 0180 a-c

Vietnamese reading: lẫn

Character: 傭

Modern (Beijing) reading: yong

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 1185 y

Character: 債

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhài

Russian meaning[s]: занимать, брать в долг; долг, заем

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 7935

Character: 傲

Modern (Beijing) reading: ào

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋāws

Classic Old Chinese: ŋāwh

Western Han Chinese: ŋāwh

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋāwh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋā̀w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋā̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋā̀w

Middle Chinese: ŋầw

English meaning : be arrogant

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дерзкий, грубый; 2) заносчивый; гордый, кичливый

Comments: For *ŋ- cf. Xiamen go⁶, Chaozhou ŋau⁴, Fuzhou ŋɔ⁶, Jianou ŋau⁶.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 6217

Karlgren code: 1130 d

Vietnamese reading: ngạo

Character: 傳

Modern (Beijing) reading: chuán

Preclassic Old Chinese: dhron

Classic Old Chinese: dhrwan

Western Han Chinese: ḍhwan

Eastern Han Chinese: ḍhwan

Early Postclassic Chinese: ḍhwen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ḍhwen

Late Postclassic Chinese: ḍhwen

Middle Chinese: ḍwen

English meaning : to transmit, hand over

Russian meaning[s]: 1) передавать; сообщать; пропагандировать; проповедывать; 2) проводить (напр. тепло); 3) заразить, передать инфекцию; 4) вызвать, предложить явиться (напр. в суд); [zhuàn] 1) повествование; повесть; история; 2) летопись Цзочжуань; летопись; хроника; биография; мемуары; комментарий; 3) почтовая станция

Comments: Also read *dhron-s, MC ḍwèn, Mand. zhuàn, Viet. chuyện 'story, tale, records'. The latter word is alternatively glossed in MC as ṭwèn - which is actually a derivate from 轉 *tronʔ q.v. Vietnamese forms with ch- are colloquial: regular Sino-Viet. forms are truyền and truyện. For *dh- cf. Xiamen thŋ², Chaozhou thueŋ², Jianou thüiŋ⁹.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 3220

Karlgren code: 0231 f-i

Vietnamese reading: chuyền

Character: 僅

Modern (Beijing) reading: jǐn

Preclassic Old Chinese: grǝns

Classic Old Chinese: grǝnh

Western Han Chinese: grǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: grǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: gìn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gìn

Late Postclassic Chinese: gìn

Middle Chinese: gìn

English meaning : barely [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) только; едва лишь; всего лишь; 2) мало; редко

Comments: For *g cf. Xiamen kin⁶, Fuzhou köüŋ⁶.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 418

Karlgren code: 0480 m, z

Character: 傾

Modern (Beijing) reading: qīng

Preclassic Old Chinese: khʷeŋ

Classic Old Chinese: khweŋ

Western Han Chinese: khweŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: khjweŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: khjweŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khjweŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: khjweŋ

Middle Chinese: khjweŋ

English meaning : be slanting; overturn, overthrow

Russian meaning[s]: 1) наклонять(ся); наклон, склонение; склоняться к...; 2) выливать; вываливать; перен. изливать (напр. душу); 3) опрокидывать, ниспровергать; разрушать; 4) симпатизировать; одобрять; сближаться; пристрастие; уклон; 5) плавить металлы; [kēng] разорять; вредить; губить

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 8120

Karlgren code: 0828 b

Vietnamese reading: khuynh

Character: 催

Modern (Beijing) reading: cuī

Preclassic Old Chinese: shūj

Classic Old Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Western Han Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Eastern Han Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Early Postclassic Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Late Postclassic Chinese: shwǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: choj

English meaning : urge, repress

Russian meaning[s]: побуждать, подгонять, торопить

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 916

Karlgren code: 0575 |j ́

Character: 傷

Modern (Beijing) reading: shāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛaŋ

Classic Old Chinese: ƛaŋ

Western Han Chinese: l̥aŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: śaŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: śaŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: śaŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: śaŋ

Middle Chinese: śaŋ

English meaning : be pained; injure

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ранить; рана; травма; 2) вредить, губить; 3) скорбеть

Shuowen gloss: 創也.從人.殤省聲. [381]

Comments: Also used metaphorically: 'to be pained, grieved, (later:) feel compassion'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 4396

Karlgren code: 0720 |j ́

Vietnamese reading: thu'o'ng

Shijing occurrences: 3.3_, 14.3

Character: 傻

Modern (Beijing) reading: shǎ

Russian meaning[s]: 1) глупый, дурак, идиот; 2) простодушный, бесхитростный, наивный

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 6304

Character: 傯

Modern (Beijing) reading: zong

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 僇

Modern (Beijing) reading: lù

Preclassic Old Chinese: rhikʷ

Classic Old Chinese: rhiuk

Western Han Chinese: rhjǝuk

Eastern Han Chinese: rhjǝuk

Early Postclassic Chinese: lhiuk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lhiuk

Late Postclassic Chinese: lhiuk

Middle Chinese: lük

English meaning : disgrace [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) бесчестить, позорить; позор; 2) вм. 戮

Comments: In Early Zhou attested as a loan for 戮 q.v. For *rh cf. Jianou lü⁷.

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 4112

Karlgren code: 1069 u

Character: 剿

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiǎo

Russian meaning[s]: см. 勦

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2883

Karlgren code: 1169 b

Character: 剽

Modern (Beijing) reading: piào

Russian meaning[s]: 1) грабить; 2) угрожать, запугивать; 3) живой; ловкий; быстрый; 4) средний (по величине)

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2921

Karlgren code: 1157 g

Character: 募

Modern (Beijing) reading: mǔ

Russian meaning[s]: 1) созывать; вербовать; набор, призыв (в армию); 2) собирать по подписке

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4751

Karlgren code: 0802 e

Character: 勦

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiaǒ

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćewʔ

Classic Old Chinese: céw

Western Han Chinese: cjáw

Eastern Han Chinese: cjáw

Early Postclassic Chinese: cjéw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cjéw

Late Postclassic Chinese: cjéw

Middle Chinese: cjéw

English meaning : to make weary; to cut off

Comments: Also read *ćhrēw, MC c̣hạw, Pek. chāo 'snatch' (probably the original meaning of the graph).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 1169 c